When we think about Roman entertainment, our minds often conjure up images of brutal battles between prisoners and animals, reminiscent of what we’ve seen in movies like Gladiator.
Another common form of entertainment was the thrilling chariot races, reminiscent of the iconic scene in Ben-Hur. The circus was generally reserved for the grand chariot races, while the amphitheaters served as the stage for gladiator fights.
These intense battles between criminals, prisoners or war, slaves, and animals showcased the Romans’ values of strength and warrior spirit, as they believed such combats were essential training for a nation of fighters.
Surprisingly, on occasion, even free citizens would eagerly participate in these fights, seeking their fleeting moments of fame.The first Roman amphitheaters were constructed during the 1st century BC, using wooden materials.
They were ingeniously designed by connecting and rotating two theaters, creating an oval shape (hence the term “amphitheater,” literally meaning “double theater”). These structures were not limited to one specific region but could be found throughout the vast Roman Empire.
In fact, archaeologists have uncovered more than 230 amphitheaters, ranging from the magnificent Colosseum in Rome to the remnants of an arena in Chester, England.
9. Amphitheater of El Djem
The Roman amphitheater of El Djem in Tunisia holds the impressive title of being the third largest arena globally. Only Rome’s Colosseum and the ruined theater of Capua surpass its grandeur.
Back in the day, El Djem was known as Thysdrus, an influential Roman town in North Africa, ranking highly next to Carthage. Constructed in the early 3rd century AD, the amphitheater was designed to accommodate a staggering 35,000 spectators.
For centuries, it stood strong before succumbing to the 17th century when stones from the arena were pillaged to build the nearby village of El Djem and transported to the Great Mosque in Kairouan.
More recently, although far less destructive, it served as a filming location for some scenes in the critically acclaimed film Gladiator, which went on to win an Oscar. Today, it enjoys its standing as a renowned tourist attraction in Tunisia.
8. Verona Arena

Located in Italy, the Verona Arena stands proudly as one of the world’s largest surviving ancient amphitheaters. Although a devastating earthquake in 1117 caused significant damage to its outer ring of white and pink limestone, the inner part remains remarkably well-preserved.
Constructed in 30 AD, this remarkable structure had the capacity to hold an impressive 30,000 spectators.
Over the years, the Verona Arena has served as a venue for a wide range of events, with its historical timeline including gladiator fights during Roman eras, jousts and tournaments in the Middle Ages, and since the 18th century, the awe-inspiring setting for Verona’s illustrious opera performances that continue to captivate audiences to this day.
7. Pozzuoli Amphitheater

The Amphitheater in Pozzuoli, Italy, is a remarkable Roman structure that can accommodate more than 20,000 spectators. Its construction began during the reign of Emperor Vespasian, who was also responsible for the famous Colosseum in Rome.
While the upper seating levels have not survived, the underground areas have been exceptionally well-preserved. These underground sections contain cages for holding animals and remnants of the mechanisms used to lift them onto the arena floor.
Unfortunately, during the late antique period, the arena was left neglected and partially buried under ash following a volcanic eruption from Mount Solfatarain.
6. Uthina Amphitheater

Uthina, also known as Oudna, used to be a bustling Roman colony situated in Tunisia. Positioned along the primary pathway to Carthage from the southern and western regions of the country, Uthina played a significant role in the region’s trade and connectivity.
Unfortunately, following the Arab conquest in the 7th century, the city gradually fell into ruins. Presently, ongoing excavations seek to uncover the mysteries of this ancient settlement.
Despite its historical significance, the ruins of Uthina remain relatively unexplored by visitors. Within the archaeological park lies a remarkable Roman amphitheater, capable of accommodating approximately 16,000 spectators.
Fascinatingly, the amphitheater is partially embedded into the hillside, while its arcs soar above the ground.
It is important to note that the seats within the amphitheater are not original, having been reconstructed only recently to ensure a more enriching experience for visitors.
5. Leptis Magna Arena

Leptis Magna, which is situated in what is now modern-day Libya, was initially established by the Phoenicians around the 10th century BC. Following the defeat of Carthage in 146 BC, the city became a part of the Roman empire.
With Roman governance, Leptis Magna thrived and transformed into a prominent hub for trade. However, in 523 AD, the city was left abandoned after being pillaged by a Berber tribe and quickly reclaimed by the desert.
Covered in sand for centuries, it possesses one of the most stunning and well-preserved Roman ruins in the Mediterranean. About a kilometer east of the city center resides the Roman amphitheater of Leptis Magna, which dates back to 56 AD.
Remarkably, this amphitheater, capable of accommodating 16,000 spectators, diverges from the conventional design of most Roman amphitheaters as it is constructed below ground level.
4. Pula Arena

The Pula Amphitheater stands as a remarkable testament to Roman architecture and remains one of Croatia’s most well-preserved ancient landmarks. Constructed approximately in the 1st century AD, it boasts the title of the sixth largest surviving Roman arena.
With a seating capacity exceeding 26,000 spectators, this immense structure once witnessed grand spectacles and entertainment. However, during the 15th century, Pula’s residents took stones from the amphitheater to construct homes and other buildings.
Fortunately, this destructive practice ceased before irreparable damage was wrought upon the marvelous edifice. Presently, the amphitheater serves as a vibrant venue for an array of festivals and performances during the delightful summer months.
3. Amphitheatre Nimes

The Arena of Nîmes, constructed towards the end of the 1st century AD, was a grand Roman amphitheater capable of accommodating 24,000 people. It ranked among the largest in Gaul, which is modern-day France.
Approaching the middle ages, the amphitheater adapted into a fortified palace, adding to its historical significance. Gradually, a vibrant neighborhood emerged within its walls, housing around 700 residents and featuring two chapels.
In 1863, the arena underwent renovations to transform into a bullring, which it remains as today. Presently, it hosts two annual bullfights and various other public events, embracing its cultural heritage.
2. Pompeii Spectacula

In 79 AD, Vesuvius, a volcano, erupted, causing ash and soil to cover the town of Pompeii. Miraculously, this event preserved the city as it was on that fateful day.
Among the well-preserved structures in Pompeii are two theaters and an amphitheater, which was built around 70 BC. Remarkably, this amphitheater is the oldest surviving Roman amphitheater in existence today.
Interestingly, during that time, it was referred to as a “spectacula” as the term “amphitheatrum” was not yet in use. This remarkable structure had a seating capacity of approximately 20,000 spectators, which is equal to the entire population of Pompeii.
However, in 59 AD, a fierce riot erupted between fans from Pompeii and a rival town, leading the Senate to ban any future games from being held in the amphitheater for a decade.
1. Roman Arena in Arles

The Roman Arena, located in the vibrant city of Arles in southern France, stands as a beloved destination for tourists. Constructed around the 1st century BC, this magnificent structure boasted three tiers capable of accommodating more than 20,000 enthusiastic spectators.
Interestingly, the arena has maintained its traditional purpose since 1830 by being an arena for bullfights.
It’s intriguing to imagine that the Romans, known for their affinity towards violent chariot races and fierce hand-to-hand combat, would have indeed welcomed such events with enthusiasm, considering the bullfights only slightly less intense.